Is there any relation between \(\displaystyle\text{Sym}_{{n}}\) and

Ashleigh Mitchell

Ashleigh Mitchell

Answered question

2022-04-13

Is there any relation between Symn and Symk where k<n? Is SymkSymn? Since k!n!   k<n they satisfy Lagrange's theorem, but of course that doesnt guarantee the existence of a subgroup

Answer & Explanation

uvredio0of6

uvredio0of6

Beginner2022-04-14Added 17 answers

Step 1
Sn is not contained in Sm when n<m if you define Sk to be the set of all bijections {1,,k}{1,,k}, simply because an element of Sn has domain {1,,n} and elements of Sm have domain {1,,m}, and the two sets are different.
Now this is a silly problem, so surely there is some way out.
Suppose again that n<m. There is map ϕ:SnSm such that whenever πSn, so that π:{1,,n}{1,,n} is a bijection, then ϕ(π):{1,,m}{1,,m} is the map given by
ϕ(π)(i)={π(i),if in;i,if i>n.
You can easily check that ϕ is well-defined (that is, that ϕ(π) is a bijection for all πSn) and that moreover ϕ is a group homomorphism which is injective.
It follows from this that the image of ϕ is a subgroup of Sm which is isomorphic to Sn. It is usual to identify Sn with its image ϕ(Sn)Sm, and then we can say that «Sn is a subgroup of Sm», but this is nothing but a façon de parler.
It should be noted, though, that there are many injective homomorphisms SnSm, so there are many ways to identify a subgroup of Sm with Sn. The one I described above is nice because it looks very natural.
YAMAGAMA699k

YAMAGAMA699k

Beginner2022-04-15Added 8 answers

Step 1
Symk<Symn for n<k and it corresponds to a subgroup of all permutations with the same kn elements.
(That is, fix kn elements first, then look at all the transpositions that keep them in place. This subgroup of Sk is isomorphic to Sn.)

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