Solve the first order linear differential equation \frac{dy}{dx}+xy=x,\ \ y(0)=-6

Julia White

Julia White

Answered question

2022-01-21

Solve the first order linear differential equation
dydx+xy=x,  y(0)=6

Answer & Explanation

Becky Harrison

Becky Harrison

Beginner2022-01-21Added 40 answers

A differential equation is an equation is x,y and derivatives of y. A linear differential equation is one in which powers of y or its derivative is equal to 0 or 1. A first order differential equation is one in which only the first derivative of y is present.
A first order linear differential equation of the form dydx+P(x)y=Q(x) can be solved using the integrating factor method. The integrating factor for which equation is eP(x)dx. The equation is multiplied by the integrating factor, simplified and the integrated.
Given differential equation is dydx+xy=(x),  y(0)=6. Comparing with dydx+P(x)y=Q(x) the integrating factor is exdx which is equal to ex22. Multiply the differential equation by this integrating factor, simplify and then integrate.
ex22(dydx+xy)=xex22
ddx(yex22)=xex22
yex22=xex22dx
yex22=ex22d(x22)
yex22=ex22+C
y=1+Cex22
So the general solution is y=1+Cex22. Use the initial condition y(0)=-6 to calculate C.
y=1+Cex22
y(0)=-6
6=1+Ce022
-6=1+C
C=-7
y=17e{x22}
Hence, the solution to the given differential equation is y=17ex22.

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