Is the reason we don't have any perpetual motion machines because of the first law of thermodynamics? Would it be possible to create one if (for example) there was a wheel, and it had a push– if it was frictionless, and in a vacuum, would it spin forever? Also, would gravity matter if friction wasn't in the equation?
Lustyku8
Answered question
2022-09-25
Answer & Explanation
seguidora1e
Beginner2022-09-26Added 8 answers
That's one of the reasons, and it applies to a perpetual motion machine of the first kind, a machine that can produce work without any energy input in violation of the first law (conservation of energy).
There is also a perpetual motion machine of the second type, which is a machine that can operate in a cycle exchanging heat with only one temperature reservoir completely converting 100% of the heat into work. This machine violates the second law of thermodynamics.
Would it be possible to create one if (for example) there was a wheel, and it had a push– if it was frictionless, and in a vacuum, would it spin forever?
What you are describing is sometimes call a perpetual motion machine of the third kind. It is based on the idea that motion, once started, can continue forever. This requires the complete elimination of any and all forms of friction, which is not possible, even when operating in a vacuum (which in practice is never perfect). Even space is not completely free of particles.
Also, would gravity matter if friction wasn't in the equation?
Not quite sure what you mean by "would gravity matter". As the range of gravity is essentially infinite, it is impossible to completely isolate the machine from gravity and gravitational forces (Newtonian gravity).
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