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Differential EquationsAnswered question
rocedwrp rocedwrp 2021-05-29

The integrating factor method, which was an effective method for solving first-order differential equations, is not a viable approach for solving second-order equstions. To see what happens, even for the simplest equation, consider the differential equation y+3y+2y=f(t). Lagrange sought a function μ(t)μ(t) such that if one multiplied the left-hand side of y+3y+2y=f(t) bu μ(t)μ(t), one would get μ(t)[y+y+y]=dddt[μ(t)y+g(t)y] where g(t)g(t) is to be determined. In this way, the given differential equation would be converted to ddt[μ(t)y+g(t)y]=μ(t)f(t), which could be integrated, giving the first-order equation μ(t)y+g(t)y=μ(t)f(t)dt+c which could be solved by first-order methods. (a) Differentate the right-hand side of μ(t)[y+y+y]=dddt[μ(t)y+g(t)y] and set the coefficients of y,y' and y'' equal to each other to find g(t). (b) Show that the integrating factor μ(t)μ(t) satisfies the second-order homogeneous equation μμ+μ=0 called the adjoint equation of y+3y+2y=f(t). In other words, althought it is possible to find an "integrating factor" for second-order differential equations, to find it one must solve a new second-order equation for the integrating factor μ, which might be every bit as hard as the original equation. (c) Show that the adjoint equation of the general second-order linear equation y+p(t)y+q(t)y=f(t) is the homogeneous equation μp(t)μ+[q(t)p(t)]μ=0.

Differential EquationsAnswered question
FobelloE FobelloE 2021-05-21

what is the squareroot of 2

Speaking of differential equations, these are used not only by those students majoring in Physics because solving differential equations is also quite common in Statistics and Financial Studies. Explore the list of questions and examples of equations to get a basic idea of how it is done.

These answers below are meant to provide you with the starting points as you work with your differential equations. If you need specific help or cannot understand the rules behind the answers that are presented below, start with a simple equation and learn with the provided solutions..