Splitting a trigonometric equation into cases
I am not understanding this step in a solution I found. We are solving
where
The solution says that we can now split this into two cases, case 1 where and case 2 where , I do not understand how we know that we can split up into two cases at this point, please advise. What's the motivation?
(As a side note, the cases are
case 1, y=0
case 2,
then
).